Compare New Caledonia (2008) - Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005)

Compare New Caledonia (2008) z Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005)

	New Caledonia (2008)	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Province des Iles, Province Nord, and Province Sud	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order
Age structure	0-14 years: 27.9% (male 31,578/female 30,270) 15-64 years: 65.3% (male 72,821/female 72,109) 65 years and over: 6.8% (male 7,047/female 8,118) (2007 est.)	0-14 years: 24% (male 861/female 825) 15-64 years: 65.3% (male 2,330/female 2,251) 65 years and over: 10.6% (male 335/female 410) (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products; fish	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish
Airports	25 (2007)	2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 12 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 2 (2007)	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 13 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 6 (2007)	-
Area	total: 19,060 sq km land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than New Jersey	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s ended in the 1998 Noumea Accord, which over a period of 15 to 20 years will transfer an increasing amount of governing responsibility from France to New Caledonia. The agreement also commits France to conduct as many as three referenda between 2013 and 2018, to decide whether New Caledonia should assume full sovereignty and independence.	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.
Birth rate	17.75 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)	13.83 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Budget	revenues: $996 million expenditures: $1.072 billion (2001 est.)	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million (1996 est.)
Capital	name: Noumea geographic coordinates: 22 16 S, 166 27 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	Saint-Pierre
Climate	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy
Coastline	2,254 km	120 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon
Death rate	5.72 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)	6.7 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Debt - external	$79 million (1998 est.)	$NA
Dependency status	territorial collectivity of France since 1998	self-governing territorial collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of France)	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of France)	none (territorial collectivity of France)
Disputes - international	Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu	none
Economic aid - recipient	$524.3 million annual subsidy from France (2004)	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France
Economy - overview	New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than 15% of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.
Electricity - consumption	1.403 billion kWh (2005)	40.06 million kWh (2002)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2005)	0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - production	1.508 billion kWh (2005)	43.08 million kWh (2002)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m
Environment - current issues	erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment
Ethnic groups	Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)
Exchange rates	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - NA (2007), 95.025 (2006), 95.89 (2005), 96.04 (2004), 105.66 (2003)	euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by High Commissioner Yves DASSONVILLE (since 9 November 2007) head of government: President of the Government Harold MARTIN (since 7 August 2007) cabinet: Cabinet consisting of 11 members elected from and by the Territorial Congress elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress for a five-year term (no term limits); note - last election held 7 August 2007 when Harold MARTIN was elected following the resignation of Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU as president on 24 July 2007 (next to be held in 2012)	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Albert DUPUY (since 10 January 2005) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council
Exports	605.7 bbl/day (2004)	NA
Exports - commodities	ferronickels, nickel ore, fish	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts
Exports - partners	Japan 17.4%, France 15.9%, Taiwan 14.5%, China 10.8%, Spain 9.4%, Belgium 7.3%, Italy 6%, Australia 4.6% (2006)	Belgium 41.3%, US 19.9%, Spain 14.9%, France 10%, Germany 4.1% (2004)
Fiscal year	calendar year	calendar year
Flag description	the flag of France is used	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with yellow wavy lines under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part (called ikkurina) is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the rectangle into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one above the other; these three heraldic arms represent settlement by colonists from the Basque Country (top), Brittany, and Normandy; the flag of France is used for official occasions
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 15% industry: 8.8% services: 76.2% (2003)	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%
GDP - per capita	-	purchasing power parity - $7,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	21 30 S, 165 30 E	46 50 N, 56 20 W
Geography - note	consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls	vegetation scanty
Heliports	6 (2007)	-
Highways	-	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	11,980 bbl/day (2004)	NA
Imports - commodities	machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials
Imports - partners	France 39.4%, Singapore 15.1%, Australia 11.3%, NZ 4.8% (2006)	France 37.6%, Canada 25.3%, Ireland 25.2%, Italy 5.1% (2004)
Independence	none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)
Industrial production growth rate	-0.6% (1996)	NA%
Industries	nickel mining and smelting	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 7.42 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)	total: 7.54 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.66 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.4% (2000 est.)	2.1% (1991-96 average)
International organization participation	ITUC, PIF (associate member), SPC, UPU, WFTU, WMO	UPU, WFTU
Irrigated land	100 sq km (2003)	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force	78,990 (2004)	3,261 (1999)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 20% industry: 20% services: 60% (2002)	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.32% permanent crops: 0.22% other: 99.46% (2005)	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (2001)
Languages	French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects	French (official)
Legal system	based on French civil law; the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation
Legislative branch	unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres du territoire (54 seats; members belong to the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UC 7, FN 4, others 3 note: New Caledonia currently holds one seat in the French Senate; by 2010, New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; New Caledonia also elects two seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 10 and 17 June 2007 (next to be held on June 2012); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 74.5 years male: 71.52 years female: 77.63 years (2007 est.)	total population: 78.46 years male: 76.13 years female: 80.9 years (2005 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 96.2% male: 96.8% female: 95.5% (1996 census)	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)
Location	Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)
Map references	Oceania	North America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,566 GRT/2,543 DWT by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2007)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	-
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French
Natural hazards	cyclones, most frequent from November to March	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard
Natural resources	nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper	fish, deepwater ports
Net migration rate	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2007 est.)	-4.99 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)
Political parties and leaders	Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caledonian Union or UC; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independence) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]	Left Radical Party or PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR (now UMP) [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	221,943 (July 2007 est.)	7,012 (July 2005 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	1.203% (2007 est.)	0.21% (2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	Saint-Pierre
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%	Roman Catholic 99%
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.043 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.868 male(s)/female total population: 1.009 male(s)/female (2007 est.)	at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2005 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: a submarine cable network connection between New Caledonia and Australia, scheduled for completion in 2008, will improve high-speed connectivity and access to international networks international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: country code - 508; radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system
Telephones - main lines in use	55,300 (2005)	4,800 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	134,300 (2005)	0 (1994)
Television broadcast stations	6 (plus 25 repeaters) (1997)	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)
Terrain	coastal plains with interior mountains	mostly barren rock
Total fertility rate	2.25 children born/woman (2007 est.)	2.03 children born/woman (2005 est.)
Unemployment rate	17.1% (2004)	9.8% (1997)

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